This term refers to those who, with their own strength, stand up for the weak and daringly face down injustice. It depicts an ideal personal character that finds its echo in the hearts of everyday Chinese people – a shared aspiration that resonates deeply in the national collective psyche. The inspirational appeal of a man of righteousness or hero springs from a fusion of intrinsic values, underpinned by a sense of righteousness and courage. Righteousness represents moral integrity, a dogged determination to uphold justice and to stand by one’s word. Courage, meanwhile, refers to an abiding commitment to righteousness – stepping up, lending a hand, selflessly giving, serving the wider good, and walking the talk. Man of righteousness or hero is a resonant symbol in Chinese culture, encapsulating a deep admiration for those who are ready to pursue justice with no thought of oneself, thus epitomizing the spirit of a true hero.

Lending a hand to those in dire straits and supporting those in need – isn’t this the essence of benevolence? Holding true to one’s word, and never breaking one’s promise – isn’t this the essence of righteousness? (Records of the Historian)

Even the bones of a man of righteousness will long be revered after his fearless death, and such a man is equal in honor to any living hero. (Li Bai: Ballad of the Man of Righteousness)