This expression comes from The Analects, and is what Zixia (507-? BC), a disciple of Confucius (551-479 BC), said he had heard from others. Destiny is beyond one’s control, and ancients believed that the length of a person’s life was predestined. Confucian thinking held that humans should face life and death calmly as they are predetermined by de…
This refers to the Grand Rules, i.e., the fundamental universal laws that all people follow in their life. The term first appeared in The Book of History. Composed of the Nine Great Rules, it divided human life into different areas, laid down the most important elements in each area, hence the basic order that determines the relations between heave…
“Cleverness” is a synonym for ingenuity, intelligence or exquisite skills. “Clumsiness,” on the other hand, means awkwardness, dullness of the mind or lacking in skill. In the field of art, “cleverness” refers to an ingenious, effortless state of creation whereby general layout, wording, and writing techniques together are at their natural bes…