The term first described the original state of everything, which is profound and mysterious. Laozi used it to describe dao and virtue as being in a profound and mysterious state, calling dao “a mystery within a mystery,” and advocating “inconspicuous virtue.” Ancient Chinese thinkers like Yang Xiong (53 BC-AD 18) and Ge Hong (281?-341) went a …

A doctor, no matter how good he is, cannot cure a fatal illness. No power is unlimited. No matter how skillful a doctor is and how advanced the medical facilities are, it is not possible to cure all diseases. There are always some diseases that cannot be cured and some lives that cannot be saved. This is very unfortunate yet inevitable. People shoul…

The basic meaning of this term is voidness. It denotes that things do not have a constant or unchanging essence. It also means that things are illusory, not real. The essence of something independently existing is called “own-being,” or “svabhāva.” Buddhism denies the existence of this kind of essence. Instead, it believes that all worldly phe…

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