Humans are born with innate conscience and the ability to know and act upon it. The term liangzhi (良知) was first used by Mencius(372?-289 BC), who believed that what man knew by instinct was liangzhi (knowledge of goodness). The term includes ren (仁), i.e. love for one’s parents and yi (义), i.e. respect for one’s elder brothers. The concept …

One of the eight trigrams, it consists of three yang lines: ☰. It is also one of the 64 hexagrams when it consists of six yang lines: . According to scholars on The Book of Changes, as the qian trigram is composed only o…

This refers to not contending for personal interest, power and other things and not involving in various infighting or strife. Excessive desire for material gains and power leads to contention, strife or even violence. Uncontrolled contention results in decline of public moral and breakdown of social order. This is why both Confucianism and Daoism b…

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