This concept refers to the four tones (the level tone, falling-rising tone, falling tone and checked tone) and the eight rhythmical errors. The conscious use of these tones and the avoidance of these errors were metrical norms for poetry creation proposed by the literati of the Qi and Liang reigns of the Southern Dynasties, such as Shen Yue ( 441-51…
This concept refers to the outcomes of events that have different impacts on individuals, where positive outcomes are considered auspicious and negative outcomes are regarded as inauspicious. This classification is also applied to things that may lead to good or harmful results, or things that are good or harmful in nature. For example, weddings are…
A country’s internal affairs must be handled well before its external affairs can be handled well. Zhinei (治内) means that domestic governance has achieved an ideal state; caiwai (裁外) means assessing the broad trends in the world, making external policies, and selecting appropriate political, diplomatic, and military measures to influence the in…
The purposes of the Project are to select the concepts in Chinese culture and thought that reflect the characteristics of the country's traditional culture and the Chinese people's way of thinking, and that embody the core values of China.
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