This concept of living in harmony with others without losing moral ground was mentioned in early Confucian classics such as The Doctrine of the Mean and Xunzi. Confucianism believed that interpersonal relations should be in proper order and harmonious. But it was concerned that if one only pursues harmony, desire to foster personal ties can easily l…
Xiang (象) refers to a visible but formless image or figure. It approximately has four different meanings. First, it refers to a manifest shape of dao. Laozi described dao as “a semblance of the unsubstantial,” also called “the great semblance.” Second, it indicates a manifest shape of objects. Xiang is less concrete or fixed than an object with…
The expression is proposed by the ancient military thinker Sunzi in The Art of War, and is one of his principles of conducting warfare. Sunzi believed that a commander should, on the basis of an accurate assessment of one’s own and the enemy’s force deployment, attack the weak front in the enemy’s deployment with superior force. This would ensure…
The purposes of the Project are to select the concepts in Chinese culture and thought that reflect the characteristics of the country's traditional culture and the Chinese people's way of thinking, and that embody the core values of China.
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