This term is an abbreviation of the compound word formed by Zhongguo (中国) and Huaxia (华夏). Here, hua (华) also means “flower” or “flowery,” which was used as an analogy for a splendid culture. The ancestors of the Huaxia people established their state in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, which they thought was the center (zho…

Overcoming oneself means to conquer and control oneself. Everybody has his strengths and weaknesses, and he may succeed or fail in what he does. One’s strengths and skills bring success, whereas one’s weaknesses lead to failure. Therefore, one needs to make constant efforts to improve oneself, overcome one’s weaknesses, transcend one’s limitatio…

The term means to ensure that the people live and work in peace and contentment. The ancients believed that this was the basic responsibility and main purpose of the state and of those governing it. A peaceful and satisfied populace results in widespread support for the rulers, making governance less costly and more effective. The heart of the conce…

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