Key Concepts in Chinese Thought and Culture

When Times Change, So Do Social Conditions.

This means adapting one’s approach to changing conditions. The saying is from the chapter “The Five Vermin” in Hanfeizi. According to this work, many changes in social conditions occur in response to changing times, and people should adjust their approaches accordingly to keep up with new developments instead of just following past practices. Mo…

Guoti

The term, literally meaning the state and the body, has three meanings. First, it refers to the important ministers who help the sovereign ruler govern the state. Figuratively, the term suggests that the state is a human body and the ministers are the major components of the body. Second, it refers to the constitution and laws of a state. Third, it …

Return Kindness with Kindness / Return Goodwill in Kind

Toutaobaoli, the Chinese original, literally means when you give me a peach, I will also give you a peach in appreciation. The term generally refers to reciprocating a gift in kind as an expression of mutual courtesy. What is important is not the gift itself but the goodwill conveyed by the gift as well as the desire of forging lasting friendship wi…

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: The purposes of the Project are to select the concepts in Chinese culture and thought that reflect the characteristics of the country's traditional culture and the Chinese people's way of thinking, and that embody the core values of China.
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