Pure land refers to a Buddha's field free of contamination and suffering. The idea derives from the notion of buddhakṣetra (literally Buddha-field), which is the dwelling place of an Enlightened One. That the multiple worlds each shelters a Buddha is a key doctrine in Mahayana Buddhism. Such a pure and well-decorated field is guaranteed by the pur…
Promote what is beneficial to the people; eliminate what is not. Those in power should place the interests of the public at the forefront of their concerns, focusing on what is beneficial and eliminating what is harmful. In ancient China, Confucians, Mohists, and Legalists all held that this was the fundamental duty of a ruler, and determined wheth…
“Concealment” refers to keeping things hidden, whereas “revelation” means making things abundantly clear. As an artistic and literary term, this pair of opposites refers to a creative process in which some things need to be hidden and others abundantly clear. When applied to semantics or rhetoric, it refers to subtle or explicit modes of express…