This concept places importance on the unity of national ideology and law. It was put forward by Dong Zhongshu (179-104 BC) of the Western Han Dynasty as an underlying theme of The Spring and Autumn Annals. In his view, the state needs a uniform legal system, but to achieve such unity, different schools of thought must be unified first. Without a un…
A poem expresses aspirations in one’s heart. Zhi (志) here means the author’s aspirations, emotions, and thoughts. The concept of “poetry expressing aspirations,” first seen in the Confucian classic The Book of History, was hailed by Zhu Ziqing as the “manifesto” of Chinese poetry. Enriched by poetry critics through the generations, it was lat…
This term means testing for verification and validity. Wang Chong (27-97?) felt that verification and validation is the only method or standard for determining the correctness of an argument. Whether or not an idea is correct cannot be determined solely by empty words or cleverness; rather, it has to be proved through “verification and validation.…
The purposes of the Project are to select the concepts in Chinese culture and thought that reflect the characteristics of the country's traditional culture and the Chinese people's way of thinking, and that embody the core values of China.
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