The notion that having a feeling of shame gives rise to courage comes from the saying that “to have a feeling of shame is to be near to having courage.” Having a feeling of shame means to be ashamed of one’s own mistakes as well as to hate the misbehavior of others. Mencius (372?-289 BC) believed this to be one of the basic things humans must …
That the virtue of those exercising power is reflected in good governance is a political concept put forward in The Book of History, an ancient Chinese political classic. For one who exercises power, virtue is not just maintaining his moral integrity, certainly not empty talk. Rather, it must find expression in his interactions with others and effec…
The expression, which comes from The Analects, means only recording the ideas of ancient scholars without writing one’s own views. It represents the Confucian (551-479 BC) attitude towards the views of ancient scholars: by recording them, one showed respect for such views and aimed to pass them down. But one could also express one’s own views in t…