It is not difficult to know the moral principles guiding daily life; what is difficult is to practice them. This was a way with which the ancient Chinese dealt with the relationship between knowledge and action. This approach stood in contrast with the belief that action is easy whereas knowing is hard. This concept is mentioned in both Zuo’s Comme…

The Six Confucian Classics are The Book of Changes, The Book of History, The Book of Songs, The Book of Rites, The Book of Music, and The Spring and Autumn Annals. An important proposition put forward by scholars of late imperial China was that those are all historical texts. According to these scholars, the Six Classics are all concerned with the s…

When no sagacious person was ignored, all men with virtue and talent were employed by the government. This is a demonstration of the ancient concept of “ exalting the worthy.” Since ancient times, China has emphasized that people should be appointed to official positions in accordance with their virtue, and each person should perform his or her r…

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