The term indicates that all things in heaven and on earth do not depend on external forces. Rather, they take shape and change by themselves independently. It was put forward by Guo Xiang (?-312) in his Annotations on Zhuangzi. Specifically, the term contains three meanings. Firstly, all things in heaven and on earth form and change naturally. Seco…
Literally, the term means “this culture.” It encompasses the cultural and ethical progress created by rites, music, education, codes, and systems as well as a social order which is hierarchical but harmonious. Later, this term came to refer to the literati and extended to mean being cultured and refined.
When no sagacious person was ignored, all men with virtue and talent were employed by the government. This is a demonstration of the ancient concept of “ exalting the worthy.” Since ancient times, China has emphasized that people should be appointed to official positions in accordance with their virtue, and each person should perform his or her r…
The purposes of the Project are to select the concepts in Chinese culture and thought that reflect the characteristics of the country's traditional culture and the Chinese people's way of thinking, and that embody the core values of China.
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