The term means to ensure that the people live and work in peace and contentment. The ancients believed that this was the basic responsibility and main purpose of the state and of those governing it. A peaceful and satisfied populace results in widespread support for the rulers, making governance less costly and more effective. The heart of the conce…

Jing (经),which means the constant, and quan (权), which means the temporary, are terms used in the historical discourse of Chinese philosophy referring to a pair of philosophical concepts concerning the permanent and temporarily changing aspects of dao. The constant is the normal manifestation of human relations and daily life. It is thus the norma…

Zongji (总集) is a collection of various authors’ poems and proses (distinct from bieji〔别集〕, a collection of a particular author’s literary works). In terms of content, an anthology could be either comprehensive or limited in selection. Chronically, an anthology can be a general collection spanning written history, or a general collection from…

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