This term was first used by Laozi as a way to understand dao. He believed that one cannot understand dao by calmly observing everything unless one abandons all distracting thoughts and biases, and keeps one’s mind as clear as a mirror. Later literary critics believed that the state of mind as required for xuanlan has similarities with the state of …
This term refers to natural, unadorned beauty. “Pure” means untainted, unadulterated or containing no impurity. Su (素) originally means “undyed raw silk.” Later it came to mean“ the quality of being white, authentic, unspoiled or undecorated.” Daoist thought, represented by Laozi and Zhuangzi (369?-286 BC), held that Dao is the ultimate orig…
This term was first used by the late Ming and early Qing drama theorist Li Yu (1611-1680) in his Occasional Notes with Leisure Motions. It means that in dramatic creation, one should maintain a good balance between fiction and non-fiction in characterization and plot development. According to Li, material for dramatic creation could be ancient or cu…
The purposes of the Project are to select the concepts in Chinese culture and thought that reflect the characteristics of the country's traditional culture and the Chinese people's way of thinking, and that embody the core values of China.
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